Saturday, 17 August 2019

10. Participation in decision making; how do you organize that?


This is perhaps one of the most crucial issues in a modern organization. We live in a time in which employee involvement is urgently sought. We increasingly want to make use of the competences, knowledge and experience of our employees and team members to achieve better overall results. But everyone with experience in the field realizes that a multitude of ideas, opinions, perspectives and personalities are virtually impossible to get in line. The frustration of a lack of consensus often leads to the abandonment of attempts to reach a decision together. This can show itself in three different reactions. Either:

1-     The Leadership decides to make all decisions themselves. This usually leads to great frustration among team members - employees. They lose their involvement because they are visibly and noticeably put out of the game.
2-      The decision remains absent; the question remains open and no decisions are made. This often leads to annoyance because the necessary choices are not made, and in the meantime the reality does not stand still, and coincidence determines the results. The situation is experienced as a lack of leadership, which also reduces involvement and makes employees fall into a kind of 'survival mode' in which their own comfort becomes more important than the result.
3-     To prevent these two predictable drawbacks, leadership decides to take the matter at heart, but with a smart way to involve people in a process that gives them the illusion that they are involved. This manifests itself in 'hollow' meetings where many experience the feeling of manipulation and waste of time.
It goes without saying that we would benefit greatly from a productive alternative. And this alternative exists! There is a way to deal with participation, without creating the three negative effects mentioned. Management can make the difference by developing a certain methodology, applying it visibly in practice, and preferably also embedding it into the culture of the organization.
The solution is that we first and foremost set a clear process goal: we want to make the best possible decision that can also count on maximum support. Both factors are important! Leaders do well to focus on the product of these two elements, and not on the content (from their superior knowledge!) alone.

The next step is to learn to distinguish a number of ways to reach a decision. These methodologies can be classified in a hierarchy of methods, according to the quality of the decision they deliver. We distinguish, in growing order of quality and performance:
- unilateral decisions (from management) without good communication
- unilateral decisions with good communication
- unilateral decisions  after consulting the team members
- voting; where the number of votes makes the choice
- compromises; where a mix of solutions from different visons or groups creates an outcome
- consensus: where every related person absolutely agrees with the same decision; feels the same (without “adding water to the wine”)

An important and very ‘innovative’ methodology is the Sociocratic decision making method. It is far superior to any method of one-sides decision making, and performs much better than the democratic methodology (voting) and is substantially different from the compromise. The latter is the disease of manipulation, which leads to monsters of decisions where only losers arise. In practice, many dilemmas can only be addressed in a qualitative manner by using a ‘Sociocratic method’, when a consensus from the nature of the case becomes impossible. It is simply the most performing alternative for absolute consensus. It is even better because even in a consensus a group could be the victim of the ‘halo-effect’, people following a statement just for conserving the good relations, without a critical approach to the content of the decision. In a separate contribution I w describe the rules of ‘Sociocratic decision making’

Working with delegates is also part of the range of methodologies, but has its consequences (especially limitations) for the end result. In fact we cut the decision making process in two parts. The first part is to agree with highly involved people, well selected because of their knowledge or commitment. That is the most easy group to get an agreement with. The second part of the process is the commitment of all those related people who are not part of the delegation. They are very often forgotten, because they are too difficult to convince. They will have to follow the conclusion of the smaller group. Even is the delegates had a mandate from the larger group, there is always a limit to this mandate. Mostly the role of the delegates is to ‘defend’ the interest (or even demands) from the larger group. Whenever something else comes out, you have a problem. The risk that this could happen, is another burden in the first part of the decision making. Delegates will discuss carefully and rather stubborn. The conclusion obviously is that working with delegates is a poor form of participation.

Hugo Der Kinderen

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